Friday, February 22, 2013

Introducing: Nicholas St. Fleur

This is a series of Q&As with new, young and up-and-coming science, health and environmental writers and reporters. They ? at least some of them ? have recently hatched in the Incubators (science writing programs at schools of journalism), have even more recently fledged (graduated), and are now making their mark as wonderful new voices explaining science to the public.

Today we introduce you to Nicholas St. Fleur (blog, Twitter).

Hello and welcome to The SA Incubator. To start off, where are you from?

Hey there! I?m originally from Long Island, New York, but I?m currently upstate in beautiful Ithaca finishing up my senior year at Cornell University.

How did you get into science and how did you get into writing? And how did these two trajectories fuse into becoming a science writer?

Well, I started off my time at Cornell strictly as a biology-premed student, bent on taking only the necessary courses for med school. But my closed mindset opened after a natural disaster occurred winter break of my freshman year ? the 7.0 magnitude earthquake that struck Haiti, the country where my parents were born. Every day on the news I saw medical correspondent Sanjay Gupta report on the devastation, and as sad as it was to watch, I quickly became captivated by the way he combined medicine with media to convey the gravity of the situation. I decided then that I wanted to expand upon my undergraduate interests in science and medicine by learning about journalism, in hopes that I could be like Sanjay Gupta one day. So when classes resumed I enrolled in my first communication course on science, environmental and health reporting.

Though I originally took the course to learn about medical reporting, the class got me hooked on taking complex science news and sharing those stories with a general audience. By the time the semester was done I was eager to learn more about journalism.

So that summer I signed up for a science writing class taught by famed science writer Carl Zimmer at the Cornell-affiliated Shoals Marine Lab, off the coast of Maine. As a part of the class, we spent our days following marine biologists and island ecologists on hagfishing trips and bird-banding brigades, and then wrote articles about our adventures at night. That course was a tough, week-long science writing bootcamp that catapulted me into an undergraduate career chasing science stories for the student newspaper.

Since then I?ve covered diverse science disciplines from solar physics and multi-dimensional mathematics, to plant pathology and environmental activism as a student reporter for The Cornell Daily Sun.

What professional experience have you had so far?publications, internships, jobs? Feel free to include a bunch of links here! What is your current job?

I?m currently the outgoing editor for The Sun?s weekly science section. During my year as head of the science desk, the section has covered cool on-campus research like an engineering team?s work with temporal cloaking, or making moments in time seem invisible, as well as the once-in-a-decade blooming of a titan arum, also known as the rare ?corpse plant.? And yes, it did smell horrendous ? a mix of cabbage gone bad and rotting fish.

But I got the chance to report on science at the professional level this past summer when I had the amazing opportunity to intern at Science as the AAAS Minority Science Writing Intern. I came to Science at an exciting time ? during a summer that saw the announcement of the Higgs Boson discovery and followed by the successful landing of the Curiosity Mars Rover. And though I didn?t get to cover those high-profile science stories, I did get to watch the pros tackle them with hard-hitting reporting and style.

The majority of the stories I wrote fell under the ?creature feature? beat. That means I got to report on exciting new animal research, such as the biomechanics behind the brown-tree snake?s gap-bridging abilities and the unfortunate consequences of noisy housefly sex in a bat-filled cave. I sought out these ?gee whiz? science stories ever since successfully making my first pitch for an article on a carnivorous pitcher plant that uses raindrops to launch unsuspecting insects hiding below its lid into an awaiting acid bath.

Following my summer at Science, I got to attend two major science conferences as a student journalism travel grant recipient. The first was in New Orleans for Neuroscience 2012 where I shadowed Science News neuroscience writer Laura Sanders. Then more recently I was at the AAAS Conference in Boston were I met nine other very talented young science writers from across the country and got to cover a symposium on whale evolution and wrote a piece on the blue whale?s impressive aquatic acrobatics.

Which story of yours do you like best?

That would have to be this story I wrote about where people flee after disaster strikes. The researchers analyzed cell phone data following the 2010 Haiti Earthquake to track down where residents escaping Port-au-Prince went following their exodus from the capital. Through my reporting I heard personal stories about people in Haiti that reflected the results that the researchers had found. It was a very humbling experience to write an article about the same event that had set off my path towards science journalism just a few short years before.

Apart from writing, do you also do other aspects of science communication, e.g., podcasts, video, art/illustration, photography, infographics, or do you do any coding, web design and programming?

At Science I recorded a podcast about Neanderthal extinction theories and artificial jellyfish, and have wanted to do another one ever since. Right now I?m currently working on integrating more multimedia into The Sun?s science agenda. Currently I?ve done the reporting and directing for a few short science films such as this one on the Cornell NYC Tech Campus and this one about a C.U. vet student?s animal activism efforts. Now that I?m done with my editorial position, I?m looking to shoot/produce/edit my own science videos for The Sun, like this one about a biology-inspired student project team called iGem.

I hope to go even further with the science multimedia. After attending ScienceOnline 2013 and meeting online science news personalities like Talk Nerdy to Me?s Cara Santa Maria and Dr. Carin Bondar from Wild Sex and ScienceAlert, I?ve had an itch to start making my own weekly videos that look at a roundup of science news at Cornell.

Do you write a personal or science blog ? How much do you use social media networks, e.g., Twitter, Facebook, Google Plus, Tumblr, Pinterest, Flickr, YouTube etc., to promote your own and your friends? work, to learn and to connect?

Right now Facebook is my main social media platform for broadcasting science news. Throughout the day I tend to post little science ?pick-me ups? to give my friends something interesting to read and ponder while their escaping their studies browsing Facebook. I?ve also taken to Twitter (@SciFleur ? a pun on my last name) and love the rush of live-tweeting science conferences.

I have a portfolio site with an accompanying blog, Stardust; Slightly Used, that I?ve been hesitant to start up. But after attending ScienceOnline and talking with blogging extraordinaires like Bora and Ed Yong I?ve gained some great insight into the world of science blogs. So now, with the proper motivation, some ideas in the pipeline, and interviews already taped on my recorder I?ll be starting my science blog soon ? so stay tuned!

How do you see the current and future science media ecosystem, how it differs from the past, and what role will new, young science communicators like yourself play in building it and making it the best it can be?

Over the past few months I?ve had the good fortune to be able to attend a number of different science journalism conferences, and through these trips I?ve met with many science writers ? some seasoned professionals and others just breaking into the field from grad programs or undergrad. I?ve learned from talking to people across the science communication spectrum that science journalism is changing, and has been for a while. For example, Ivan Oransky gave a presentation at AAAS that showed in 1989 there were over 95 newspapers with science sections, and in 2012 that number had dwindled to 19.

But in its place new tools like blogs, social media and data visualizations have emerged to help inform the public. And in the midst of all this change there is a new generation of science communicators ready to get their messages out. I?ve been lucky enough to have met a good number of them and I can say that the youngins are a talented and driven bunch. The future of science communication will be different, yes, but not lost.? As long as there are scientifically curious people out there, they will find ways to share their stories.

Thank you!

My good sir, thank you!

====================

Previously in this series:

Kristina Ashley Bjoran
Emily Eggleston
Erin Podolak
Rachel Nuwer
Hannah Krakauer
Rose Eveleth
Nadia Drake
Kelly Izlar
Jack Scanlan
Francie Diep
Maggie Pingolt
Jessica Gross
Abby McBride
Natalie Wolchover
Jordan Gaines
Audrey Quinn
Douglas Main
Smitha Mundasad
Mary Beth Griggs
Shara Yurkiewicz
Casey Rentz
Akshat Rathi
Kathleen Raven
Penny Sarchet
Amy Shira Teitel
Victoria Charlton
Noby Leong and Tristan O?Brien
Taylor Kubota
Benjamin Plackett
Laura Geggel
Daisy Yuhas
Miriam Kramer
Ashley Taylor
Kate Yandell
Justine Hausheer
Aatish Bhatia
Ashley Tucker
Jessica Men
Kelly Oakes
Lauren Fuge
Catherine Owsik
Marissa Fessenden
Mollie Bloudoff-Indelicato
Kelly Poe
Kate Shaw
Meghan Rosen
Jon Tennant
Ashley Braun
Suzi Gage
Michael Grisafe
Jonathan Chang
Alison Schumacher
Alyssa Botelho
Hillary Craddock
Susan Matthews
Lacey Avery
Ilana Yurkiewicz
Kate Prengaman

Source: http://rss.sciam.com/click.phdo?i=4af317abd31c405f7b8ac4cd7f75709d

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New technique scales up production of graphene micro-supercapacitors

Feb. 19, 2013 ? While the demand for ever-smaller electronic devices has spurred the miniaturization of a variety of technologies, one area has lagged behind in this downsizing revolution: energy-storage units, such as batteries and capacitors.

Now, Richard Kaner, a member of the California NanoSystems Institute at UCLA and a professor of chemistry and biochemistry, and Maher El-Kady, a graduate student in Kaner's laboratory, may have changed the game.

The UCLA researchers have developed a groundbreaking technique that uses a DVD burner to fabricate micro-scale graphene-based supercapacitors -- devices that can charge and discharge a hundred to a thousand times faster than standard batteries. These micro-supercapacitors, made from a one-atom-thick layer of graphitic carbon, can be easily manufactured and readily integrated into small devices such as next-generation pacemakers.

The new cost-effective fabrication method, described in a study published this week in the journal Nature Communications, holds promise for the mass production of these supercapacitors, which have the potential to transform electronics and other fields.

"The integration of energy-storage units with electronic circuits is challenging and often limits the miniaturization of the entire system," said Kaner, who is also a professor of materials science and engineering at UCLA's Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science. "This is because the necessary energy-storage components scale down poorly in size and are not well suited to the planar geometries of most integrated fabrication processes."

"Traditional methods for the fabrication of micro-supercapacitors involve labor-intensive lithographic techniques that have proven difficult for building cost-effective devices, thus limiting their commercial application," El-Kady said. "Instead, we used a consumer-grade LightScribe DVD burner to produce graphene micro-supercapacitors over large areas at a fraction of the cost of traditional devices. Using this technique, we have been able to produce more than 100 micro-supercapacitors on a single disc in less than 30 minutes, using inexpensive materials."

The process of miniaturization often relies on flattening technology, making devices thinner and more like a geometric plane that has only two dimensions. In developing their new micro-supercapacitor, Kaner and El-Kady used a two-dimensional sheet of carbon, known as graphene, which only has the thickness of a single atom in the third dimension.

Kaner and El-Kady took advantage of a new structural design during the fabrication. For any supercapacitor to be effective, two separated electrodes have to be positioned so that the available surface area between them is maximized. This allows the supercapacitor to store a greater charge. A previous design stacked the layers of graphene serving as electrodes, like the slices of bread on a sandwich. While this design was functional, however, it was not compatible with integrated circuits.

In their new design, the researchers placed the electrodes side by side using an interdigitated pattern, akin to interwoven fingers. This helped to maximize the accessible surface area available for each of the two electrodes while also reducing the path over which ions in the electrolyte would need to diffuse. As a result, the new supercapacitors have more charge capacity and rate capability than their stacked counterparts.

Interestingly, the researchers found that by placing more electrodes per unit area, they boosted the micro-supercapacitor's ability to store even more charge.

Kaner and El-Kady were able to fabricate these intricate supercapacitors using an affordable and scalable technique that they had developed earlier. They glued a layer of plastic onto the surface of a DVD and then coated the plastic with a layer of graphite oxide. Then, they simply inserted the coated disc into a commercially available LightScribe optical drive -- traditionally used to label DVDs -- and took advantage of the drive's own laser to create the interdigitated pattern. The laser scribing is so precise that none of the "interwoven fingers" touch each other, which would short-circuit the supercapacitor.

"To label discs using LightScribe, the surface of the disc is coated with a reactive dye that changes color on exposure to the laser light. Instead of printing on this specialized coating, our approach is to coat the disc with a film of graphite oxide, which then can be directly printed on," Kaner said. "We previously found an unusual photo-thermal effect in which graphite oxide absorbs the laser light and is converted into graphene in a similar fashion to the commercial LightScribe process. With the precision of the laser, the drive renders the computer-designed pattern onto the graphite oxide film to produce the desired graphene circuits."

"The process is straightforward, cost-effective and can be done at home," El-Kady said. "One only needs a DVD burner and graphite oxide dispersion in water, which is commercially available at a moderate cost."

The new micro-supercapacitors are also highly bendable and twistable, making them potentially useful as energy-storage devices in flexible electronics like roll-up displays and TVs, e-paper, and even wearable electronics.

The researchers showed the utility of their new laser-scribed graphene micro-supercapacitor in an all-solid form, which would enable any new device incorporating them to be more easily shaped and flexible. The micro-supercapacitors can also be fabricated directly on a chip using the same technique, making them highly useful for integration into micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) or complementary metal-oxide-semiconductors (CMOS).

These micro-supercapacitors show excellent cycling stability, an important advantage over micro-batteries, which have shorter lifespans and which could pose a major problem when embedded in permanent structures -- such as biomedical implants, active radio-frequency identification tags and embedded micro-sensors -- for which no maintenance or replacement is possible.

As they can be directly integrated on-chip, these micro-supercapacitors may help to better extract energy from solar, mechanical and thermal sources and thus make more efficient self-powered systems. They could also be fabricated on the backside of solar cells in both portable devices and rooftop installations to store power generated during the day for use after sundown, helping to provide electricity around the clock when connection to the grid is not possible.

"We are now looking for industry partners to help us mass-produce our graphene micro-supercapacitors," Kaner said.

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Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by University of California - Los Angeles. The original article was written by Davin Malasarn.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


Journal Reference:

  1. Maher F. El-Kady, Richard B. Kaner. Scalable fabrication of high-power graphene micro-supercapacitors for flexible and on-chip energy storage. Nature Communications, 2013; 4: 1475 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms2446

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: Views expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/computers_math/information_technology/~3/BBZmcgdASWk/130220100755.htm

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Thursday, February 21, 2013

A Dozen Watches That Cost More Than Your House

Shelter? A warm hearth and roof over your head? Who needs any of that when you can blow a half million bucks on swanky, hyper-complicated timepieces like these? Even if they don't keep perfect time, our friends at Oobject have assembled 12 of the most intricate examples to date. More »


Source: http://feeds.gawker.com/~r/gizmodo/full/~3/YHmn8PRF2LM/a-dozen-watches-what-cost-more-your-a-house

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Internet titans award science prizes

Some of the world's richest internet entrepreneurs, including Facebook boss Mark Zuckerberg, have awarded 11 disease researchers $3m (?1.9m) each.

Nine of the recipients of the Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences are based at US institutions. The other two are from the Netherlands and Japan.

Many of the winners work on cell genetics and how it relates to disease.

One of the sponsors, genetics company founder 23andMe, Anne Wojcicki, said the winners should be household names.

In addition to Mr Zuckerberg, his wife Priscilla Chan and Ms Wojcicki, the prize is sponsored Ms Wojcicki's husband Sergey Brin, the co-founder of Google, and Yuri Milner, a Russian entrepreneur.

Mr Milner, along with the new foundation's chair, Arthur Levinson, a former chief executive at a biotech company and current chairman of Apple, chose the prize winners.

Cornelia Bargmann, a winner from Rockefeller University, told the website Fast Company that she initially thought it was a practical joke or an internet scam.

"The scale of this is so outsized I think it will have a huge impact on the life sciences," Ms Bargmann said.

From 2014 on, the foundation will award $3m to five scientists each year. There is no age restriction on the prize and past winners can win again.

The 2013 winners are:

  • Cornelia Bargmann of Rockefeller University, for the genetics of neural circuits and behaviour
  • David Botstein of Princeton University, for the mapping of inherited disease in humans
  • Lewis Cantley of Weill Cornell Medical College, for the discovery of an enzyme and its role in cancer metabolism
  • Hans Clevers of the Hubrecht Institute in the Netherlands, for describing how problems in signalling molecules can cause cancer
  • Napoleone Ferrara of the University of California, San Diego, for discoveries on tumour growth that have led to therapies for some kinds of cancer and eye disease
  • Titia de Lange of Rockefeller University, for research on telomeres, the protective tips on the ends of chromosomes, and how they relate to cancer
  • Eric Lander of the Broad Institute of Harvard and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, for the discovery of ways to identify human disease genes
  • Charles Sawyers of Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, for targeted therapy for cancer genes
  • Bert Vogelstein of Johns Hopkins University, for research on genes that suppress tumours
  • Robert Weinberg of MIT, who discovered the first human gene that when mutated causes cancer
  • Shinya Yamanaka of Kyoto University and the Gladstone Institutes in San Francisco, for work on developing artificially derived stem cells

Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-21525391#sa-ns_mchannel=rss&ns_source=PublicRSS20-sa

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Researchers coat spinal polymer implants with bioactive film to improve bonding with bone

Feb. 18, 2013 ? Researchers from North Carolina State University have for the first time successfully coated polymer implants with a bioactive film. The discovery should improve the success rate of such implants -- which are often used in spinal surgeries.

The polymer used in these implants, called PEEK, does not bond well with bone or other tissues in the body. This can result in the implant rubbing against surrounding tissues, which can lead to medical complications and the need for additional surgeries.

"We wanted to apply a bioactive coating that would allow the polymer implants to bond with surrounding tissues," says Dr. Afsaneh Rabiei, an associate professor of mechanical and aerospace engineering at NC State and lead author of a paper on the research. "The challenge was that these coatings need to be heated to 500 degrees Celsius, but the polymer melts at 300 C. We've finally solved the problem."

The first step in the new technique coats the implant with a thin film of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ). The second step applies a coating of hydroxyapatite, which is a calcium phosphate that bonds well with bone. The researchers then heat the hydroxyapatite layer using microwaves. The YSZ layer acts as a heat shield, preventing the PEEK from melting. Meanwhile, the heat gives the hydroxyapatite a crystalline structure that makes it more stable in the body, meaning that the calcium phosphate will dissolve more slowly -- promoting bonding with surrounding bone.

"We have received funding from the National Institutes of Health to proceed with animal testing to fine-tune this technique," Rabiei says. "Then we will move on to clinical testing."

The research was supported, in part, by the National Science Foundation.

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Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by North Carolina State University.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


Journal Reference:

  1. Afsaneh Rabiei, Stefan Sandukas. Processing and evaluation of bioactive coatings on polymeric implants. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A, 2013; DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34557

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/most_popular/~3/ych-ARYeNjc/130219102548.htm

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Clive Davis fires back after Kelly Clarkson slam

By Drusilla Moorhouse, TODAY contributor

Thanks to Kelly Clarkson, the soundtrack to Clive Davis' life is more discord than harmony these days.

With the release this week of his memoir, "The Soundtrack of My Life," the legendary music mogul made headlines for revealing, among other things, that he is bisexual and clashed with his "American Idol" prot?g?.

Davis claims in the tell-all that Clarkson "burst into hysterical sobbing" after first hearing her hit songs "Since U Been Gone" and "Behind These Hazel Eyes" and fought to cut them from her 2004 album, "Breakaway."

"It was a very tough conversation, and it didn't get any easier when Kelly burst into hysterical sobbing," he writes. "We all just sat there and she cried for a several minutes."

Clarkson -- who recently earned rave reviews for her not-lip-synched performance??of "My Country 'Tis of Thee" at the recent presidential inauguration -- remembers their dispute very differently, and slammed the record producer Tuesday for "spreading false information" about her and her music.

"I refuse to be bullied and I just have to clear up his memory lapses and misinformation for myself and for my fans," she wrote on WhoSay.

"It feels like a violation. Growing up is awesome because you learn you don't have to cower to anyone -- even Clive Davis."

Clarkson acknowledged that she "did cry in his office once," but it was in response to his censure of her autobiographical song "Because of You."

"I cried because he hated it and told me verbatim that I was a 's----- writer who should be grateful for the gifts that he bestows upon me.' ? This was devastating coming from a man who I, as a young girl, considered a musical hero and was so honored to work with."

"(He) belittled me and my music and completely sabotaged ('My December')," she added about Davis' response to her third album.

"It never had a chance to reach (its) full potential ... the fact that I was so completely disregarded and disrespected was so disheartening," she wrote.

Davis fired back Tuesday, insisting that he told the truth in his account of their "creative differences":

"I am truly very sorry that she has decided to take issue with what I know to be an accurate depiction of our time together," he tweeted. "Before the book was published, I had every fact checked with five independent individuals who were present on a daily basis throughout it all. The chapter as it is written was thoroughly verified by each and every one of them. I stand by the chapter as written in my book."

Still, the 80-year-old music executive continued to praise Clarkson as a "tremendous vocal talent and performer." ?

"I wish, and will always wish, Kelly's talent and her career to soar to ever new heights," he concluded.

Related content:

Source: http://todayentertainment.today.com/_news/2013/02/20/17032215-clive-davis-fires-back-after-kelly-clarkson-slam?lite

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Wednesday, February 20, 2013

Nesting site protection 'key to save turtles from climate change'

Feb. 18, 2013 ? International marine scientists have warned it will be vital to protect key marine turtle nesting grounds and areas that may be suitable for turtle nesting in the future to ensure that the marine reptiles have a better chance of withstanding climate change.

A new study reveals that some turtle populations in the West Indian Ocean, Northeast Indian Ocean, North Pacific Ocean, East Atlantic Ocean and the East Pacific Ocean are among the least likely to recover from the impacts of climate change.

"To give marine turtles a better chance of coping with climate change, we have to protect their nesting sites and to address threats such as bycatch and coastal development," says Dr Mariana Fuentes from the ARC Centres of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies (CoECRS) and James Cook University.

"We have seen sea turtle populations decline dramatically in recent decades, and it is likely to get worse due to climate change, as they're particularly vulnerable to it.

"Climate change can affect their nesting beaches through sea level rise, stronger cyclones and storms; high temperatures can cause their eggs to die before they hatch, or produce an unnatural sex ratio and adversely affect their food sources."

"At present there are three ways we can tackle climate-related threats," Dr Fuentes says. "We can reduce global greenhouse emissions, actively manage for direct impacts from climate change by manipulating the nesting thermal environment with shade, for example, and build the turtles' resilience, that is, their ability to recover from the negative impacts.

"Reducing emissions is perhaps the biggest challenge, but even if we were able to cut greenhouse emissions immediately, it will not stop the already apparent and unavoidable impacts of climate change on turtles."

"Also, we don't know the risks of implementing actions, such as relocating, manipulating or managing turtle populations, or how effective these strategies are," she says. "So until we understand more about the risks and effects of active strategies, we should focus on increasing the turtles' resilience.

"This means that we must better understand what factors influence their ability to recover from the negative effects of climate change."

Together with sea turtle specialists from around the world, the CoECRS researchers identified that nesting ground vulnerability and non-climate threats, including coastal development and fishery bycatch, as the greatest influences on resilience of marine turtles to climate change.

The researchers also pinpointed the world's 13 turtle regional management units -- large scale conservation areas -- that are the least resilient to climate change. These are distributed across three major ocean basins and are important breeding grounds for six of the world's seven species of sea turtle -- flatbacks, loggerheads, green turtles, leatherbacks, hawksbills, olive ridleys and Kemp's ridleys.

"Eleven of the least resilient conservation areas that we identified are the ones most likely to lose their turtle rookeries," Dr Fuentes says. "This highlights the particular importance of protecting key regional nesting beaches and to legally protect areas that may be suitable for turtle nesting in the future.

"Turtles have existed for millions of years and were here long before humans. It would be a complete tragedy if they were to become extinct as a result of our actions and our lack of care."

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Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by ARC Centre of Excellence in Coral Reef Studies.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


Journal Reference:

  1. Mariana M. P. B. Fuentes, David A. Pike, Andrew Dimatteo, Bryan P. Wallace. Resilience of marine turtle regional management units to climate change. Global Change Biology, 2013; DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12138

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: Views expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/top_environment/~3/ZCMV9EPeOEE/130219121608.htm

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